![]() High transmission risk when providing direct patient care or handling dead bodies (funerals).Īlso read: Study shows high possibility of blood clotting up to 6 months post-COVID Secondary human-to-human transmission occurs through direct contact with the blood, secretions, organs or other body fluids of infected persons. About 80 to 90 % of humans are infected through tick bite or direct contact with blood of infected ticks direct contact with blood/tissues of infected wild animals and livestock. The WHO said that CCHF is a viral tick-borne disease that is transmitted to humans by bites of infected ticks, and by direct contact with blood or tissues from infected humans and livestock. Video: Centre, states on high alert for monkeypox The linkage of the two-place names resulted in the current name for the disease and the virus. In 1969 it was recognised that the pathogen causing Crimean haemorrhagic fever was the same as that responsible for an illness identified in 1956 in the Congo. The disease was first described in Crimea in 1944 and given the name Crimean haemorrhagic fever. Although a number of tick genera are capable of becoming infected with the CCHF virus, ticks of the genus Hyalomma are the principal vector,” the WHO explained. “Animals become infected by the bite of infected ticks and the virus remains in their bloodstream for about one week after infection, allowing the tick-animal-tick cycle to continue when another tick bites. There is no apparent disease in these animals. For example, a former outbreak occurred at an ostrich abattoir in South Africa. Many birds are resistant to infection, but ostriches are susceptible and may show a high prevalence of infection in endemic areas, where they have been at the origin of human cases. “The hosts of the CCHF virus include a wide range of wild and domestic animals such as cattle, sheep and goats. It can also be contracted through contact with viraemic animal tissues (animal tissue where the virus has entered the bloodstream) during and immediately post-slaughter of animals, according to the WHO.ĬCHF outbreaks constitute a threat to public health services as the virus can lead to epidemics, has a high case fatality ratio (10-40%), potentially results in hospital and health facility outbreaks, and is difficult to prevent and treat, it added.Īlso read: Pregnancy, childbirth & COVID: Find answers to commonly asked questions According to the WHO’s geographic distribution of nose-bleed fever cases, India reports 5 to 49 infections each year.Ĭrimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever is a viral haemorrhagic fever usually transmitted by ticks. The first CCHF case in India was reported in 2011 from Gujarat.
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